食品与生物工程学院“果蔬保鲜与精深加工”团队毕秀芳副教授在食品生物领域一区期刊发表论文
时间: 2022-04-14
来源: 西华大学招生信息网
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近日,食品与生物工程学院“果蔬保鲜与精深加工”团队毕秀芳副教授在Postharvest Biology and Technology(一区,IF:5.537)上发表题为“Combining natamycin and 1-methylcyclopropene with modified atmosphere packaging to evaluate plum (Prunus salicinacv.‘Cuihongli’) quality”的研究论文。脆红李(Prunus salicinacv. ‘Cuihongli’)属于蔷薇科李属植物,因果肉酸甜、脆嫩可口,富含多种抗氧化成分,如维生素C、多酚和花青素等而广受消费者欢迎。许多国家尤其是在中国,大部分李子主要用于鲜食,少部分用于加工如腌制、干制等。直至2019年,我国李子总产量超过670万吨,其中四川作为李子产业大省,年产量超过50万吨。脆红李主要在每年9月前后集中成熟上市,此时正值高温多雨,果实腐烂严重。脆红李属于呼吸跃变型果实,采摘后呼吸代谢旺盛,一系列与成熟相关的代谢活动加强,李子会随着水解酶活性的增加而软化,质量迅速恶化。同时,真菌病原体侵染导致的李子腐烂会造成巨大的经济损失,因此需要采取适当的保鲜方法来延长李子的货架期。针对李子贮藏的采后处理和包装方法已被广泛研究,包括气调包装(MAP)、食用涂料、冷藏和化学试剂,如一氧化氮、水杨酸和二氧化氯等方法。这些技术有效地延长了李子的货架期,但在应用方面仍存在一些不足。例如,冷藏可能导致李子出现冷害症状,造成质量损失和消费者接受度降低。1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)的应用可以阻碍乙烯受体,有效地降低李子的冷害症状。然而,1-MCP也会产生一些抑制水果香气、促进水果病害的负面影响。目前,将1-MCP与其他保鲜技术,如MAP、紫外线C、辐照或二氧化氯相结合,可以克服单独应用1-MCP的技术缺陷,并保持果蔬在贮藏期间的品质。MAP可以防止或延缓水果衰老以及相关的生理变化,达到延长多种果蔬贮藏期的目的。纳他霉素(NT)作为抑菌剂在食品工业中被广泛使用,以防止霉菌和酵母污染。据我们所知,目前还没有关于NT在控制李子采后质量变化方面的有效信息。应用1-MCP和MAP调节李子贮藏期间的生理学变化已被广泛研究。然而,对1-MCP和MAP的研究主要集中在单一处理上,而目前综合处理的应用较少。此外,NT在李子保鲜中的应用鲜有报道。因此,本研究探讨了抑菌剂(NT)结合1-MCP与MAP(NT+1-MCP+MAP)对李子在贮藏期间品质特性和生物活性化合物的影响,并开发了一种可用于延长李子采后货架期的综合保鲜方法。结果表明,与未处理组李子相比,经NT+1-MCP+MAP处理的李子在4℃条件下,货架期从80天延长至120天;在25℃条件下,货架期从12天延长至21天。与未处理组李子相比,NT+1-MCP+MAP处理能明显延缓李子的质量损失、降低呼吸速率峰值和保持更高的硬度。此外,NT+1-MCP+MAP处理的效果大于NT和MAP(NT+MAP)或1-MCP和MAP(1-MCP+MAP)单独处理的效果。NT+1-MCP+MAP处理显著降低了李子丙二醛(MDA)的积累,同时抑制了果胶甲基酯酶(PME)和多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)的活性。综上,NT+1-MCP+MAP是一种改善李子采后品质、延长货架期的有效策略。Fig.1Decay incidence of the PP (PP box-packed), MAP (MA-packed), NT+MAP(MA-packed after NT treatment),1-MCP+MAP (MA-packed after 1-MCP treatment), and NT+1-MCP+MAP (MA-packed after1-MCP and NT treatment) plums stored at 25℃(a) and 4℃(b).Fig.2Disease progressionin the PP (PP box-packed), MAP (MA-packed), NT+MAP (MA-packed after NTtreatment), 1-MCP+MAP (MA-packed after 1-MCP treatment), and NT+1-MCP+MAP(MA-packed after 1-MCP and NT treatment) plums stored at 25℃and 4℃.
Fig.3Respiration rates ofthe PP (PP box-packed), MAP (MA-packed), NT+MAP (MA-packed after NT treatment),1-MCP+MAP (MA-packed after 1-MCP treatment), and NT+1-MCP+MAP (MA-packed after1-MCP and NT treatment) plums stored at 25℃(a) and 4℃(b).Fig.4Weight loss of thePP (PP box-packed), MAP (MA-packed), NT+MAP (MA-packed after NT treatment),1-MCP+MAP (MA-packed after 1-MCP treatment), and NT+1-MCP+MAP (MA-packed after1-MCP and NT treatment) plums stored at 25℃(a) and 4℃(b).Fig.5Firmness of the PP(PP box-packed), MAP (MA-packed), NT+MAP (MA-packed after NT treatment),1-MCP+MAP (MA-packed after 1-MCP treatment), NT+1-MCP+MAP (MA-packed after1-MCP and NT treatment) plums stored at 25℃(a) and 4℃(b).
Table 1The variation in the protopectin and water-soluble pectin (WSP) content of the plums, resulting from different treatments during storage at 25℃and 4℃.
Table 2The variation in the polygalacturonase (PG) and pectin methylesterase (PME) activity of the plums,resulting from different treatments during storage at 25℃and 4℃.
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作者简介毕秀芳简介:毕秀芳,博士、副教授、硕士生导师,研究方向为果蔬保鲜、综合利用及非热加工中微生物亚致死细胞的形成、敏感性、复苏过程以及控制技术、非热加工对果蔬产品品质影响的机制及调控技术。长期从事《食品储藏与保鲜》《果蔬加工技术》《食品科技英语》《食品技术经济与贸易》《食品感官鉴评》等多门课程授课工作,主持校级一流本科课程建设项目1项。多次指导学生获得四川省第四届食品营养产业青年人才产学研创新设计大赛、四川省大学生生命之星比赛特等奖、二等奖、三等奖。以第一作者/通讯作者发表论文33篇,其中SCI/EI收录23篇,授权发明专利1项,主持国家自然青年基金、四川省科技厅、四川省教育厅、成都市科技局等各类项目12项。
Fig.3Respiration rates ofthe PP (PP box-packed), MAP (MA-packed), NT+MAP (MA-packed after NT treatment),1-MCP+MAP (MA-packed after 1-MCP treatment), and NT+1-MCP+MAP (MA-packed after1-MCP and NT treatment) plums stored at 25℃(a) and 4℃(b).Fig.4Weight loss of thePP (PP box-packed), MAP (MA-packed), NT+MAP (MA-packed after NT treatment),1-MCP+MAP (MA-packed after 1-MCP treatment), and NT+1-MCP+MAP (MA-packed after1-MCP and NT treatment) plums stored at 25℃(a) and 4℃(b).Fig.5Firmness of the PP(PP box-packed), MAP (MA-packed), NT+MAP (MA-packed after NT treatment),1-MCP+MAP (MA-packed after 1-MCP treatment), NT+1-MCP+MAP (MA-packed after1-MCP and NT treatment) plums stored at 25℃(a) and 4℃(b).
Table 1The variation in the protopectin and water-soluble pectin (WSP) content of the plums, resulting from different treatments during storage at 25℃and 4℃.
原文链接及二维码: